Which of the following physiological responses is caused by the release of antidiuretic hormone?
A. Decrease in the concentration of calcium in the glomerulus
B. Increase in water reabsorption in the collecting duct
C. Increase in the concentration of calcium in the glomerulus
D. Decrease in water reabsorption in the collecting duct
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) is a hormone that regulates the amount of water in the body. It is produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. ADH acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of water from the filtrate back into the blood. This reduces the volume and increases the concentration of urine.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is B.
More Questions on TEAS 7 Science
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Q #1: In a hypertonic solution, water flows through aquaporins embedded in the plasma membrane of the cell. This type of transport is best known as which of the following?
A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
Answer Explanation
One of the ways that cells regulate their water balance is by adjusting to different solute concentrations in their environment. When a cell is placed in a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than the cell itself, the solution is called hypertonic. In this case, water will tend to move out of the cell through special channels called aquaporins, which are embedded in the plasma membrane. This movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane is a type of passive transport called osmosis. Osmosis does not require any energy input from the cell, unlike other forms of transport such as diffusion, facilitated diffusion, or active transport.
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Q #2: A myocardial infarction affects which of the following blood vessels of the heart?
A. Pulmonary
B. Aorta
C. Vena cava
D. Coronary
Answer Explanation
A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked. The blockage is usually due to a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances in the heart (coronary) arteries. The fatty, cholesterol-containing deposits are called plaques. The process of plaque buildup is called atherosclerosis. Sometimes, a plaque can rupture and form a clot that blocks blood flow. A lack of blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.
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Q #3: Which of the following statements best supports the hypothesis that viruses can cause cancer?
A. Cellular DNA has sequences related to viral sequences.
B. Cancerous and normal cells share genetic sequences.
C. Viruses and cancer cells both replicate rapidly.
D. Genes that regulate cell division are found in some viruses.
Answer Explanation
Viruses can cause cancer by inserting their genetic material into the host cell's DNA, disrupting the normal regulation of cell division and growth. This process is called viral oncogenesis. Some viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), are known to cause certain types of cancer in humans. Genes that regulate cell division are found in some viruses. This statement implies that some viruses have the ability to alter the host cell's genes and induce cancerous changes.
